σχάζω

σχάζω
σχάζω
Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: `to make an incision, to tear open, to open a vein, to let (the blood) flow, to let something take its course, to release, to drop, to abandon' (Hp., X., Arist. etc.).
Other forms: Also σχάω (Hp., com., Arist. a.o.), mostly aor. σχάσαι (Pi., B., Hp., E., com., X., Arist., hell. a. late) with pass. σχασθ-ῆναι, fut. pass. -ήσομαι, act. σχάσω, perf. midd. ἔσχασμαι (in ἐσχασμένη as plantname; Strömberg 43).
Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-, κατα-
Derivatives: 1. σχάσις (ἀπό-, κατά-) f. `the tearing, blood-letting, release' (medic., Ph. Bel.). 2. σχάσμα (κατά-) n. `incision, release' (Hp., Dsc., Ph. Bel.). 3. κατα-σχασμός m. `draft' (medic.). 4. σχαστήρ = Lat. tendicula (gloss.); κατασ[χ]αστήρ meaning unknown (IG 11: 2, 165, 11 [Delos IIIa]). 5. σχαστηρ-ία f. `trigger, release in mechanisms etc.' (Arist., Ph. Bel., Hero, Plb. etc.; Scheller Oxytonierung 58 n. 4); -ιον n. `lancet' (Hippiatr.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [cf. 919] *skeh₂-? `split'?
Etymology: As orig. meaning is above assumed as usual `make an incision, tear open', from where `open, let loose etc.'; the word would be esp. characteristic for the language of the physician. Also a basic meaning `let loose, free v. t.' sceems however possible, while the usual professional expression φλέβα σχάσαι in MLG āderlāten `let (flow) from the vein' would get a direct agreement. -- As the whole formal system is clearly built on the aor. σχάσαι, from which σχάζω, σχάω as well as all other verbal and nominal forms, the etymolog has to start from this. A certain non-Greek agreement has not been found. Since Fick 1, 143 a. 567 σχάω is generally compared (Bq, WP. 2, 541 f., Pok. 919f., W.-Hofmann s. sciō) a.o. with Skt. chyati (anu-, ava-, vi- etc.), ptc. chā-ta-, chi-tá-, caus. chāy-áyati (IE *skeh₂-, *skh₂i̯-) `split, hurt, esp. of the skin' (on the meaning Hoffmann Münch. Stud. 19, 61 ff., on phonetics Hiersche Ten. asp. 103 f., 214f.). To this semant. certainly unobjectionable connection it should be remarked, that of the Skt. verb non-present finite forms, e.g. the full grade s-aorist a-chā-s-it, occur only in the grammarians. The further combinations (s. the lit. above), e.g. with Lat. sciō, are no less hypothetic. -- So σχάσαι Greek innovation (perh. through cross of σχίσαι and ἐάσαι, χαλάσαι v.t.)? Note that σχ- cannot be directly explained from the assumed IE form.
Page in Frisk: 2,835-836

Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό). . 2010.

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  • σχάζω — slit open so as to let something escape pres subj act 1st sg σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres ind act 1st sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • σχάζω — ΝΜΑ, και σχάω ΜΑ ανοίγω σχισμή, κάνω εντομή νεοελλ. 1. (μτβ.) σχίζω στα δύο, διασπώ («τα επιταχυνόμενα σωματίδια σχάζουν τους πυρήνες τών βομβαρδιζόμενων πυρήνων») 2. (αμτθ.) α) ανοίγω στα δύο, σχίζομαι («τα σύκα άρχισαν να σχάζουν») β) ναυτ.… …   Dictionary of Greek

  • σχάσον — σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape aor imperat act 2nd sg σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape fut part act masc voc sg σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape fut part act neut nom/voc/acc sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • σχαζόμενον — σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres part mp masc acc sg σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres part mp neut nom/voc/acc sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • σχάζε — σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres imperat act 2nd sg σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape imperf ind act 3rd sg (homeric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • σχάζει — σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres ind mp 2nd sg σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres ind act 3rd sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • σχάζοντα — σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres part act neut nom/voc/acc pl σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres part act masc acc sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • σχάζουσι — σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres part act masc/neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic) σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἔσχαζον — σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape imperf ind act 3rd pl σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape imperf ind act 1st sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • σχαζομένης — σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape pres part mp fem gen sg (attic epic ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • σχασθείη — σχάζω slit open so as to let something escape aor opt pass 3rd sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

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